En plein cœur de la forêt tropicale malgache, le complexe multinational Ambatovy va extraire du cobalt et du nickel. Construction d’un pipeline de 220 km (ligne rouge). Sur son site Internet, Ambatovy met l'accent sur son engagement ferme à une pratique commerciale durable, responsable et transparente. "Le groupe SHERRITT, dont la multinationale canadienne Sherritt détient la majorité avec 40% des actions, aux côtés de petits propriétaires en provenance du Japon, de la Corée du Sud et du Canada, a négocié avec le gouvernement malgache un contrat de bail à long terme. Pour quelque 150 millions de dollars américains, et pour un minimum de 29 ans. Ambatovy s’est ainsi arrogé les droits d’extraction minière dans une zone de forêt montagneuse située près de Moramanga. Durant cette période, la société compte extraire 60.000 tonnes de nickel, 5.600 tonnes de cobalt, et 210.000 tonnes de sulfate d’ammonium. (..) Tout ce qui sera extrait de la mine d’Ambatovy glissera à l’intérieur d’un pipeline souterrain. Mélangé à une grande quantité d'eau tirée de la rivière Mangoro, le minerai sera acheminé pendant 30 heures sur 220 km pour atteindre le port de Toamasina et y être traité pour l’exportation. La rivière est maintenant morte...
Aaron Ross dans The Nation
Rajoelina’s government responded by cutting public expenditures 47 percent between 2008 and 2010. In the water, transportation, communication and energy sectors, the cut was more than 50 percent. Environmental spending was also slashed by half. The consequences rippled through Madagascar’s economy. The World Bank estimates that the poverty rate has climbed about 10 percent since the coup, if not more. Between May and November 2009, the school dropout rate tripled. Millions found themselves out of work and on the streets, and thousands of young Malagasy women went abroad in search of work. (..) Andriahsatovo finally returned to Madagascar in December after an intervention by the Red Cross. Others have not been as fortunate. More than thirty have died under opaque circumstances. Some of the bodies have been returned missing organs. But the deaths have not been seriously investigated. Powerful figures in Madagascar’s government maintain intimate ties to the industry. Tabera Randriamanantsoa, a presidential candidate in 2013, owned a placement agency in Madagascar while he served as the country’s labor minister, according to multiple well-informed sources, and made a habit of blaming Malagasy migrants for their own abuse. (..) The Malagasy government estimated that factories exporting to the United States employed 50,000 people while indirectly supporting another 100,000 jobs. The US embassy in Antananarivo estimated that these jobs fed about 500,000 people. (..) In all, anywhere from 30,000 to 50,000 jobs were lost. The result, as the April 2009 cable predicted, was thousands of hungry and unemployed young women on the streets. Some turned to begging, others to prostitution. For still others, the Middle East beckoned.
Jess Zimmerman dans Global Post
Before the coup, foreign aid made up 40 percent of Madagascar’s budget. But the regime change caused the United States to withdraw aid (...) would mean a huge hit for employment, but the administration did it anyway. This led to the disappearance of 30,000 to 50,000 jobs. 2. With no jobs in Madagascar, thousands of women are migrating to the Middle East to find jobs as domestic workers. There could be more than 10,000 Malagasy women working in Lebanon alone, and about 3,000 have migrated from Madagascar to Kuwait in the last two years. (..) In mid-February, Herynirina was informed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs that his wife had died in Saudi Arabia a few weeks earlier. On March 15, her body arrived back at Ivato Airport, its organs missing, according to the local news. A medical report from the Saudi authorities claims they were removed to preserve the body. The cause of death was officially listed as a heart attack.
Noro Niaina dans Newsmada
Le représentant de l’Organisation internationale du travail (OIT), Christian Ntsay dénonce la dévalorisation des capacités et compétences des jeunes malgaches sur le marché du travail. (..) En fait, le représentant de l’OIT a expliqué que la valeur des jeunes est largement sous-évaluée sur le marché du travail en raison d’un manque de volonté politique à différents niveaux. (..) le représentant de l’OIT d’annoncer, avec un objectif ambitieux, le recrutement massif des jeunes dans les secteurs sociaux de base pour couvrir les déficits de performance dans l’éducation, la santé, la sécurité, la nutrition et la gestion des catastrophes naturelles. La mise en œuvre de ce projet de recrutement nécessite un investissement de 500 millions de dollars...
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